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Vol. 53, Issue 2, 177-181, February 1998
Departments of
Molecular Sciences (W.-J.C., W.H., S.A.,W.D., M.L.),
Receptor Biochemistry (C.J., C.W., L.W., G.C., T.K.), and
Virology
(R.F., L.B.), Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, 5 Moore Drive,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
This article describes the transient expression of the CXC chemokine
receptor-4 in Xenopus laevis melanophores
and the resulting functional assay for the endogenous ligand for this
receptor stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1
. Specifically, it will
be shown that SDF-1 produces increased light transmittance in
transfected cells that is consistent with the activation of
Gi protein. This stimulus pathway is further implicated by
the abolition of this response after pretreatment of the cells with
pertussis toxin, a known method for the inactivation of Gi
protein. The fact that SDF-1 does not produce responses in
nontransfected cells and that treatment of the cells with 12G5, an
antibody specific for the CXC chemokine receptor-4, eliminates this
response indicates that this ligand produces responses by activation of
this receptor in these cells. The possible relevance to human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry into cells was explored by observing
the effects of SDF-1 on HIV-mediated cell fusion. It was found that
SDF-1 blocked cell-to-cell fusion (as has been previously reported)
at concentrations 1200-fold greater than those required to produce
Gi protein mediated responses. The implications of the
functional assay to screening for new drugs to block HIV-mediated
fusion is discussed.
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 M. E. Nuttall, J. C. Lee, P. R. Murdock, A. M. Badger, F.-L. Wang, J. T. Laydon, G. A. Hofmann, G. R. Pettman, J. A. Lee, A. Parihar, et al. Amphibian Melanophore Technology as a Functional Screen for Antagonists of G-Protein Coupled 7-Transmembrane Receptors J Biomol Screen, October 1, 1999; 4(5): 269 - 277. [Abstract] [PDF]
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