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Vol. 56, Issue 5, 867-874, November 1999
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale E9910, Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin (DNR) generate radical
oxygen species (ROS), which account, at least in part, for their cytotoxic effect. We observed that early ceramide generation (within 6-10 min) through neutral sphingomyelinase stimulation was inhibitable by the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and pyrrolidine
dithiocarbamate, which led to a decrease in apoptosis (>95% decrease
in DNA fragmentation after 6 h). Furthermore, we observed that DNR
triggers the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the
transcription factor activated protein-1 through an
antioxidant-inhibitable mechanism. Treatment of U937 cells with
cell-permeant ceramides induced both an increase in ROS generation and
JNK activation, and apoptosis, all of which were antioxidant-sensitive.
In conclusion, DNR-triggered apoptosis implicates a ceramide-mediated,
ROS-dependent JNK and activated protein-1 activation.
Copyright © 1999 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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