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Vol. 57, Issue 1, 108-115, January 2000
i- and Inositol
Trisphosphate-Mediated Ca2+ Influx
Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Nagasaki
University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
Kyotorphin is a dipeptidic neuropeptide (tyrosine-arginine) that has
specific receptor coupled to Gi and phospholipase C and elicits Met-enkephalin release. Here, we attempted to demonstrate the
in vivo evidence for the presynaptic mechanism by analyzing its
nociceptive responses after peripheral application. Kyotorphin elicited
potent nociceptive flexor responses at extremely low doses between 0.1 and 100 fmol after the intraplantar injection into the hind-limb of
mice. The site of action of kyotorphin-induced responses was identified
to be on nociceptor endings, because the responses were markedly
attenuated by intrathecal pretreatments with G
i1 or
G
i2 antisense-oligodeoxynucleotides. Similar mechanisms were observed with histamine-induced nociceptive responses, except for
the use of different antagonist and G
q/11
antisense-oligodeoxynucleotide. Both responses were characterized to be
mediated through inositol trisphosphate receptor-gated Ca2+
influx, because they were blocked by xestospongin C, an allosteric antagonist for inositol trisphosphate receptor and EGTA, but not thapsigargin. Because the nociceptive responses by compound 48/80 through histamine-release from mast cells were completely abolished by
thapsigargin, it is unlikely that the dose of thapsigargin is not
sufficient to block both responses. All of these in vivo findings
strongly support our previous view that kyotorphin elicits Ca2+ influx through inositol trisphosphate receptor located
at presynaptic plasma membranes.
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