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Vol. 57, Issue 1, 198-210, January 2000
2-Adrenergic Receptors
Control the Equilibrium between Active and Inactive Receptor States
Department of Pharmacology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità,
Rome, Italy (C.A., P.M., T.C.); and the Institut de Pharmacologie et
Toxicologie, Université de Lausanne, Faculté de
Médecine, Lausanne, Switzerland (S.C.)
The binding free energy for the interaction between serines 204 and 207 of the fifth transmembrane helix of the
2-adrenergic receptor (
2-AR) and catecholic hydroxyl (OH) groups of
adrenergic agonists was analyzed using double mutant cycles. Binding
affinities for catecholic and noncatecholic agonists were measured in
wild-type and mutant receptors, carrying alanine replacement of the two serines (S204A, S207A
2-AR), a constitutive activating
mutation, or both. The free energy coupling between the losses of
binding energy attributable to OH deletion from the ligand and from the receptor indicates a strong interaction (nonadditivity) as expected for
a direct binding between the two sets of groups. However, we also
measured a significant interaction between the deletion of OH groups
from the receptor and the constitutive activating mutation. This
suggests that a fraction of the decrease in agonist affinity caused by
serine mutagenesis may involve a shift in the conformational
equilibrium of the receptor toward the inactive state. Direct
measurements using a transient transfection assay confirm this
prediction. The constitutive activity of the (S204A, S207A)
2-AR mutant is 50 to 60% lower than that of the
wild-type
2-AR. We conclude that S204 and S207 do not
only provide a docking site for the agonist, but also control the
equilibrium of the receptor between active (R*) and inactive
(R) forms.
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