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Vol. 61, Issue 1, 13-19, January 2002
Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment
and Diagnosis, Bethesda, Maryland (A.I.L.-P., S.S.S., E.A.S.) and
Frederick, Maryland (C.H.); Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (J.B.T.); and Cancer
Research Laboratories, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (V.T., T.D.B., M.F.G.S.)
2-(4-Amino-3-methylphenyl) benzothiazole (NSC 674495; DF 203)
demonstrates drug uptake and metabolism by tumor cells sensitive to the
antiproliferative activity of the drug [J Med Chem
1999;42:4172-4184]. In insensitive cells, little metabolism occurs.
Because CYP1A1 can metabolize DF 203, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
(AhR) may mediate drug action. We demonstrate here that DF 203 increases CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 transcription
in sensitive MCF-7 cells, accompanied by AhR translocation to the
nucleus, increase in xenobiotic-responsive element (XRE)-driven
luciferase activity, and induction of protein/DNA complexes on the XRE
sequence of the CYP1A1 promoter. MDA-MB-435 and PC3
cells, resistant to DF 203, did not show drug-induced CYP1A1
and CYP1B1 gene expression. AhR was observed to be
constitutively localized in the nucleus, with no induction of
XRE-driven luciferase activity in transiently transfected cells and
weak or no induction of protein/DNA complexes on the XRE sequence of
CYP1A1. Taken together, these data elucidate a novel
basis for antitumor drug action: induction in sensitive cells of a
metabolizing system for the drug itself. These results suggest that
clarification of the basis for differential engagement of AhR-related
signaling in different tumor cell types may aid in further preclinical
development and perhaps early clinical studies.
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