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Vol. 63, Issue 3, 489-498, March 2003

Influence of Molecular Structure on Substrate Binding to the Human Organic Cation Transporter, hOCT1

Dallas Bednarczyk, Sean Ekins,1 James H. Wikel, and Stephen H. Wright

Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (D.B., S.H.W.); and Computational Chemistry and Molecular Structure Research, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana (S.E., J.H.W.)

Organic cation transporters play a critical role in the elimination of therapeutic compounds in the liver and the kidney. We used computational quantitative structure activity approaches to predict molecular features that influence interaction with the human ortholog of the organic cation transporter (hOCT1). [3H]tetraethylammonium uptake in HeLa cells stably expressing hOCT1 was inhibited to varying extents by a diverse set of 30 molecules. A subset of 22 of these was used to produce, using Catalyst, a pharmacophore that consisted of three hydrophobic features and a positive ionizable feature. The correlation coefficient of observed versus predicted IC50 was 0.86 for this training set, which was superior to calculated logP alone (r = 0.73) as a predictor of hOCT1 inhibition. A descriptor-based quantitative structure-activity relationship study using Cerius2 resulted in an equation relating five molecular descriptors to log IC50 with a correlation coefficient of 0.95. Furthermore, a group of phenylpyridinium and quinolinium compounds were used to investigate the spatial limitations of the hOCT1 binding site. The affinity for hOCT was higher for 4-phenylpyridiniums > 3-phenylpyridiniums > quinolinium, indicating that substrate affinity was influenced by the distribution of hydrophobic mass. In addition, supraplanar hydrophobic mass was found to increase the affinity for binding hOCT1. These results indicate how a combination of computational and in vitro approaches may yield insight into the binding affinity of transporters and may be applicable to predicting these properties for new therapeutics.

1 Present address: Concurrent Pharmaceuticals Inc., 502 West Office Center Drive, Fort Washington, PA 19034.

Copyright © 2003 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


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