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Vol. 63, Issue 3, 646-652, March 2003
Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University of Medicine,
Budapest, Hungary
TASK channels are highly pH-sensitive two-pore-domain background
potassium channels expressed in the central nervous system and in some
peripheral tissues. Their current can be regulated by receptor-mediated
activation of phospholipase C and also by pharmacological means. We
have reported previously that the cationic dye, ruthenium red (RR),
inhibited homodimeric TASK-3 (kcnk9), whereas TASK-1 (kcnk3) homodimer
and TASK-1/TASK-3 heterodimer were not affected by this compound. In
the present study, we identify the molecular determinant of the
RR-mediated TASK-3 inhibition. Mutation of the negatively charged Glu
70 of TASK-3 to Arg (E70R) or Cys (E70C) abolished the inhibitory
action of RR. When two TASK-3 coding sequences were concatenated, and
the entire homodimer was expressed as a single polypeptide chain, the
resulting tandem channel was also sensitive to RR. Mutation of Glu 70 in either the first (E70R) or the second (E465R) linked subunit
prevented the action of the inhibitor. Together with the Hill
coefficient of 1.0 for TASK-3 inhibition, these data indicate that
simultaneous binding of one polycationic RR molecule to Glu 70 of both
subunits is required for the inhibitory action. The pivotal role of
this residue in the inhibitory mechanism of RR is confirmed by the gained RR sensitivity of the mutant TASK-1 in which Lys 70 was changed
to Glu. Our results indicate that RR inhibits TASK-3 by tethering its
two subunits and identify amino acid 70 as a possible target for
designing selective inhibitors against the different TASK channels.
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