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First published on May 2, 2006; DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.022327

0026-895X/06/7002-637-644$20.00
Mol Pharmacol 70:637-644, 2006

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Polysaccharide Purified from Ganoderma lucidum Induces Gene Expression Changes in Human Dendritic Cells and Promotes T Helper 1 Immune Response in BALB/c Mice

Yu-Li Lin, Shiuh-Sheng Lee, Shin-Miao Hou, and Bor-Luen Chiang

Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (Y.-L.L., S.-M.H., B.-L.C.); and Department of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (S.-S.L.)

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom in China and other Asian countries. The polysaccharide from G. lucidum (PS-G) is a branched (1->6)-beta-D-glucan moiety. In this study, we examined the effects of PS-G on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) with microarray analysis by Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChip. In comparing mean signal values between PS-G-treated DCs with untreated DCs, 3477 (17%) probe sets were up-regulated, and 4418 (19%) probe sets were down-regulated after PS-G treatment. These results demonstrate that genes associated with phagocytosis (CD36, CD206, and CD209) are decreased and genes associated with proinflammatory chemokines (CCL20, CCL5, and CCL19), cytokines [interleukin (IL)-27, IL-23A, IL-12A, and IL-12B], and costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD54, CD80, and CD86) are increased. To confirm the microarray data, we further investigated the effect of PS-G on antigen-specific antibody and cytokine production in BALB/c mice. Immunization with ovalbumin (OVA)/PS-G showed that the anti-OVA IgG2a levels were significantly increased compared with OVA alone in BALB/c mice. Together, our data demonstrate that PS-G could effectively promote the activation and maturation of immature DCs, preferring a T helper 1 response. Furthermore, the results also demonstrate that the data from microarray analysis could be correlated with the in vivo effect of the immune-enhancing compound.

Received January 6, 2006; accepted May 2, 2006

Address correspondence to: Dr. Bor-Luen Chiang, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. E-mail: gicmbor{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw




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A. T. Borchers, A. Krishnamurthy, C. L. Keen, F. J. Meyers, and M. E. Gershwin
The Immunobiology of Mushrooms
Experimental Biology and Medicine, March 1, 2008; 233(3): 259 - 276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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