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First published on February 22, 2007; DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.033449

0026-895X/07/7105-1427-1434$20.00
Mol Pharmacol 71:1427-1434, 2007

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Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Human Inducible Nitric-Oxide Synthase Expression by the Jun N-terminal Kinase

Riku Korhonen, Katrin Linker, Andrea Pautz, Ulrich Förstermann, Eeva Moilanen, and Hartmut Kleinert

Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (R.K., K.L., A.P., U.F., H.K.); and the Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere, and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland (R.K., E.M.)

Human inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression is regulated both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In the present study, the effect of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) on human iNOS expression was investigated. In A549/8 human alveolar epithelial cells, both the inhibition of JNK by a pharmacological inhibitor anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one1,9-pyrazoloanthrone (SP600125) and small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated down-regulation of JNK led to a reduction of iNOS mRNA and protein expression. iNOS promoter activity was not affected by these treatments. Hence, JNK seems to regulate iNOS expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms by stabilizing iNOS mRNA. Our laboratory has shown recently that a cytokine-induced RNA binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP) is a major positive regulator of human iNOS expression by stabilizing iNOS mRNA. Therefore, the effect of JNK inhibition by SP600125 or down-regulation by siRNA on TTP expression was investigated. Both SP600125 and siRNA targeted at JNK resulted in a reduction of TTP protein expression without affecting the amount of TTP mRNA. These data suggest a post-transcriptional control of TTP expression by JNK. Moreover, the modulation of JNK signaling by SP600125 or siRNA did not change p38 phosphorylation. In summary, the results suggest that JNK regulates human iNOS expression by stabilizing iNOS mRNA possibly by a TTP-dependent mechanism.

Received December 14, 2006; accepted February 22, 2007

Address correspondence to: Dr. Hartmut Kleinert, Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, D-55101 Mainz, Germany. E-mail: kleinert{at}mail.uni-mainz.de




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