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Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward
First published on February 20, 2009; DOI: 10.1124/mol.108.052209


0026-895X/09/7505-1117-1126$20.00
Mol Pharmacol 75:1117-1126, 2009

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Mrp1 Localization and Function in Cardiac Mitochondria after Doxorubicin

Paiboon Jungsuwadee, Ramaneeya Nithipongvanitch, Yumin Chen, Terry D. Oberley, D. Allan Butterfield, Daret K. St. Clair, and Mary Vore

Graduate Center for Toxicology (P.J., Y.C., D.K.S., M.V.), and Department of Chemistry and Center of Membrane Sciences (D.A.B.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin, (R.N., T.D.O.)

Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (Mrp1; Abcc1) is expressed in sarcolemma of murine heart, where it probably protects the cardiomyocyte by mediating efflux of endo- and xenobiotics. We used doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic drug known to induce oxidative stress and thereby cardiac injury, as a model cardiotoxic compound and observed changes in the Mrp1 expression pattern in cardiac tissue of DOX-versus saline-treated mice. Confocal immunofluorescent and immunogold electron microscopy, together with subcellular fractionation followed by immunoblot analyses and transport measurements, localized functional Mrp1 to mitochondria after DOX. Expressions of Mrp1 in heart homogenate, sarcolemma, and submitochondrial particles (SMP) were increased 1.6-, 2-, and 3-fold, respectively, at 24 h after DOX. Mitochondrial Mrp1 expression was markedly increased 72 h after DOX, whereas transport of Mrp1 substrates in SMP was maximal at 24 h. ATP-dependent transport in SMP occurred into an osmotically sensitive space and was inhibited by the anti-MRP1 antibody QCRL3. Adduction of a 190-kDa protein with the reactive lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) was detected in SMP and was maximal at 72 h after DOX; immunoprecipitation confirmed Mrp1-HNE adduction. In vitro, HNE (10 µM) inhibited mitochondrial respiration and transport activity in SMP, suggesting that Mrp1 is adversely affected by oxidative stress. These data demonstrate that after DOX, functional Mrp1 is detected in mitochondria in addition to that in sarcolemma; however, adduction with HNE inhibits Mrp1 activity. Mrp1 may serve to protect the heart by mediating the efflux of toxic products of oxidative stress from mitochondria and cardiomyocytes.


Received for publication September 22, 2008.

Accepted for publication February 18, 2009.

Address correspondence to: Dr. Mary Vore, Graduate Center for Toxicology, 1095 VA Drive, 306 Health Sciences Research Building, Lexington, KY 40536-0305. E-mail: maryv{at}uky.edu







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