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First published on February 4, 2005; DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.005678

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Received for publication August 18, 2004.
Revised January 26, 2005.
Accepted for publication February 3, 2005.

Taipoxin induces synaptic vesicle exocytosis and disrupts the interaction of synaptophysin I with VAMP2

Dario Bonanomi 1, Maria Pennuto 1, Michela Rigoni 2, Ornella Rossetto 2, Cesare Montecucco 2, Flavia Valtorta 1*

1 Department of Neuroscience, S. Raffaele Scientific Institute and "Vita-Salute" University 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova

* Address correspondence to: E-mail: flavia.valtorta{at}hsr.it

Abstract

The application of the snake neurotoxin taipoxin to hippocampal neurons in culture induced Ca2+-dependent synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis, with swelling of nerve terminals and redistribution of SV proteins to the axolemma. Using digital imaging videomicroscopy to measure fluorescence resonance energy transfer in live neurons, we also found that taipoxin modulates the machinery for neurosecretion by causing dissociation of the SV proteins synaptobrevin 2 and synaptophysin I at a stage preceding taipoxin-induced facilitation of SV fusion. These early effects of the toxin are followed by severe impairment of SV exo-endocytosis which might underlie the prevention of neurotransmitter release reported after intoxication by taipoxin.


Key words: Phospholipase A2's, Fluorescence techniques, Exocytosis




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