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Received for publication July 26, 2005.
Revised July 25, 2005.
Accepted for publication July 26, 2005.
Due to the limited therapeutic applications of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), there has been increasing focus on the development of pharmacological tools to bypass the requirement of NGF for the activation of the TrkA tyrosine kinase receptor neuronal survival pathway. In this issue of Molecular Pharmacology, the work by Culmsee et al. shows that activation of TrkA by protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors is only achieved when accompanied by release of nitric oxide (NO). This work identifies the NO/cGMP/PKG pathway as a signal transduction pathway that is integrated with NGF/TrkA to induce activation of Akt and ERK1/2 and mediate neuronal survival in the absence of NGF. In addition, it underscores the potential therapeutic effects of Ethyl-3,4-dephostatin (DPN), a stable analogue of the naturally occurring PTP inhibitor dephostatin, that serves as a NO-donor and protects neurons from apoptosis.
Key words:
Adenosine, NGF/EGF, Guanylyl cyclase, Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthases, Protein Kinase G, Excitotoxicity, neurodegeneration
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