TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular Responses to Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1<em>α</em> and Beyond JF - Molecular Pharmacology JO - Mol Pharmacol SP - 651 LP - 657 DO - 10.1124/mol.113.089623 VL - 85 IS - 5 AU - Jason Brocato AU - Yana Chervona AU - Max Costa Y1 - 2014/05/01 UR - http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/85/5/651.abstract N2 - Cellular response to changes in oxygen tension during normal development or pathologic processes is, in part, regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor. HIF activity is primarily controlled through post-translational modifications and stabilization of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins and is regulated by a number of cellular pathways involving both oxygen-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Stabilization of HIF-1α activates transcription of genes that participate in key pathways in carcinogenesis, such as angiogenesis, dedifferentiation, and invasion. Since its discovery more than two decades ago, HIF-1α has become a hot topic in molecular research and has been implicated not only in disease pathology but also in prognosis. In this review, we will focus on recent insights into HIF-1α regulation, function, and gene expression. We will also discuss emerging data on the involvement of HIF in cancer prognosis and therapeutic interventions. ER -