TABLE 1

Yeast strains used in these studies

Strains Genotype
RHY718 (wt, HRD) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2::HIS3 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52 +pRH244 (URA3, 6mycHMG2)
RHY609 (hrd1Δ) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2::HIS3 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 LEU trp1::hisG ura3-52::6mycHMG2 hrd1::URA3
RHY925 (hrd2-1) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2::HIS3 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ URA3::6MycHMG2 hrd2-1
RHY749 (hrd3Δ) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2::HIS3 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52::6MycHMG2 hrd3::URA3
RHY1166 (wt, UBC) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2::HIS3 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52::MycHMG2
RHY1596 (ubc6Δ) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2Δ-4 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52::MycHMG2 ubc6::KanMX
RHY1603 (ubc7Δ) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2Δ-4 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52::MycHMG2 ubc7::HIS3
RHY1604 (ubc6Δ/7Δ) MATα ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 hmg2Δ-4 lys2-801 hmg1::LYS2 leu2Δ trp1Δ ura3-52::MycHMG2 ubc6::KanMX ubc7:HIS3
RHY473 (wt, PEP4) ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 lys2-801 ura3-52
RHY106-4 (pep4Δ) ade2-101 met2 his3Δ200 lys2-801 ura3-52 pep4Δ