TABLE 1

Thirty-three secreted proteins regulated by PPARγ agonists in adipose tissue of db/db mice

Shown are the mRNA ratio values obtained by Agilent microarray analysis for the 33 secreted proteins significantly regulated by both PPARγ agonists in EWAT of db/db mice.

Gene Name	Entrez ID	db/db+			Lean vs. db/db	Description
Gene Name	Entrez ID			Rosiglitazone (30 mg/kg)^a	Lean vs. db/db	Description	COOH (30 mg/kg)^a
Adipoq	11450	2.67	2.28	0.26^*	Adiponectin, fat-derived hormone, modulates adipocyte differentiation, energy balance, proliferation, and insulin resistance
Retnla	57262	2.51	3.11	0.2^*	Resistin like-α, an angiogenic and potent pulmonary vasoconstrictive protein that oligomerizes with resistin (Retn).
Fgf21	56636	2.23	2.83	1.14	Fibroblast growth factor 21, a member of the fibroblast growth factor family of secreted mitogens, strongly expressed in liver
Il13	16163	2.20	3.25	1.24	Interleukin 13, a cytokine that modulates B-cell IgE switching; human IL13 may be therapeutic for diabetes
Sorbs1	20411	2.18	1.89	0.84	Sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 (ponsin), a likely SH3 adaptor involved in cell adhesion, glucose uptake, and insulin receptor signaling
Apoc4	11425	2.16	2.07	2.39^*	Apolipoprotein C IV, an apolipoprotein C2-linked gene within an apolipoprotein gene cluster, expressed in the liver
Lpl	16956	2.14	2.13	0.34^*	Lipoprotein lipase, hydrolyzes the triacylglycerol component of triacylglycerolrich lipoproteins
Fgf13	14168	2.04	2.39	2.38^*	Fibroblast growth factor 13, may play a role in heart development and nervous system development and function
Angptl3	30924	2.02	1.62	1.02	Angiopoietin-like 3, vascular endothelial growth factor family member, induces angiogenesis and regulates lipid metabolism
Ccl8	20307	1.99	2.55	1.20	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8, induced after exposure to mycobacterial
Ccl11	20292	1.69	1.75	1.14	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (eotaxin), a CC chemokine ligand for Ccr3, involved in eosinophil chemotaxis and extravasation
Igf1	16000	1.61	1.60	0.5^*	Insulin-like growth factor 1, ligand for the protein tyrosine kinase-linked IGF receptor (Igf1r), stimulates cell proliferation
Postn	50706	1.53	1.83	1.72	Periostin osteoblast specific factor, cell adhesion molecule that is down-regulated by Wnt3 signaling
Serpina3g	20715	1.52	1.64	2.43^*	Serine protease inhibitor 21 (α-1-antichymotrypsin-like protein), a member of the serpin family, inhibits cell growth
Tnf	21926	0.66	0.48	1.72^*	Tumor necrosis factor, a macrophage-produced proinflammatory cytokine that mediates responses to bacteria and injury
Ctgf	14219	0.65	0.56	2.46^*	Connective tissue growth factor, a putative insulin-like growth factor binding protein involved in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, cell migration, and ossification
Lox	16948	0.65	0.39	2.49^*	Lysyl oxidase, enzyme that oxidizes lysine to α-aminoadipic-δ-semialdehyde in crosslinking of collagens and elastin, regulates Hras1
Lfng	16848	0.65	0.51	0.82	Lunatic fringe, a glycosyltransferase that modifies Notch receptors and thereby modulates signal transduction
Wisp1	22402	0.64	0.54	1.93^*	Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1, promotes osteoblast differentiation and may act in bone repair, likely involved in Wnt1 signaling
Ptpro	19277	0.61	0.63	2.02^*	Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O, may be involved in the survival and differentiation or proliferation of macrophages
Csf1	12977	0.58	0.45	0.84^*	Colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage), regulates macrophage proliferation and differentiation, acts in bone development and reproduction
Timp1	21857	0.56	0.43	4.98^*	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, inhibits matrix metalloproteases, contributes to anti-inflammatory responses
Lamb3	16780	0.55	0.50	2.69^*	Laminin β 3, a subunit of laminin 5 that may be involved in hemidesmosome formation
Ccl12	20293	0.52	0.54	1.42	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 12, a chemoattractant for eosinophils and monocytes
Lrg1	76905	0.52	0.31	0.56^*	Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (leucine-rich HEV glycoprotein), binds ECM proteins expressed on the basal lamina, such as fibronectin, collagen IV, laminin, and transforming growth factor-β
Npy	109648	0.51	0.61	1.32^*	Preproneuropeptide Y, signals through G protein-coupled receptors to regulate food intake, bone formation, angiogenesis, nociception, and behavior and may function in lipid metabolism
Adamts1	11504	0.49	0.27	1.18	ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 1, regulates keratinocyte differentiation and cell migration
Wisp2	22403	0.48	0.19	2.9^*	Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2, a member of the CCN family of growth factors
Hp	15439	0.48	0.20	0.44^*	Haptoglobin, an acute phase protein that binds hemoglobin; rat Hp associates with abnormal β chain N-linked oligosaccharides in diabetic rats
Tnc	21923	0.45	0.33	2.06^*	Tenascin C (hexabrachion), a multidomain extracellular matrix glycoprotein with epidermal growth factor-like and fibronectin type III-like repeats
Ccl7	20306	0.38	0.21	3.06^*	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7, linked to experimental asthma and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
Ccl2	20296	0.34	0.21	6.59^*	Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, Ccr2 ligand that recruits leukocytes, acts in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis
Ngp	18054	0.32	0.26	0.54^*	Neutrophilic granule protein, a myeloid-specific protein that has similarity to the cysteine protease inhibitor cathelin

↵ a All have P < 0.01.
↵* P < 0.01