Fatty Acids | Con | Pal | Pal | UDCA-LPE | Changes Pal + UDCA-LPE vs. Pal in nmol/mg Protein |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
+ UDCA-LPE | |||||
Lauric acid (12:0) | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 2.6 ± 1.0* | ns |
Myristic acid (14:0) | 3.8 ± 2.7 | 5.1 ± 0.6 | 0.0 ± 0.0† | 3.9 ± 2.3 | ↓ 5.0 |
Palmitic acid (16:0) | 113.6 ± 6.8 | 219.7 ± 20* | 192.7 ± 8.1*† | 95.2 ± 57.3 | ↓ 27 |
Sapienic acid (16:1n-10) | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2* | 0.9 ± 0.00* | 0.6 ± 0.2 | ↓ 0.2 |
Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) | 10.2 ± 0.9 | 24.1 ± 3.2* | 20.3 ± 1.1* | 7.7 ± 6.8 | ↓ 3.9 |
Stearic acid (18:0) | 61.2 ± 2.5 | 62.0 ± 2.1 | 64.1 ± 3.6 | 51.5 ± 11.5* | ns |
Oleic acid (18:1n-9) | 68.8 ± 5.9 | 74.5 ± 9.2 | 95.7 ± 4.4*† | 89.2 ± 12.1* | ↑ 21.2 |
Vaccenic acid (18:1n-7) | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 7.1 ± 0.6 | 6.7 ± 0.3 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | ns |
Linoleic acid (18:2n-6) | 54.4 ± 3.7 | 59.5 ± 3.9 | 63.1 ± 2.4 | 44.4 ± 13.7 | ns |
Linolenic acid (18:3n-3) | 3.1 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 0.4 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | ns |
Arachidic acid (20:0) | 3.63 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.07* | 1.4 ± 0.0* | 2.9 ± 1.0* | ns |
Gondoic acid (20:1n-9) | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1* | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.6* | ns |
Homo-γ-linoleic acid (20:3n-6) | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 4.8 ± 1.0 | ns |
Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) | 33.3 ± 1.8 | 37.7 ± 1.6 | 41.4 ± 2.8* | 33.0 ± 8.1 | ns |
Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.2* | 2.1 ± 0.7 | ns |
Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) | 20.3 ± 2.0 | 22.4 ± 1.3 | 25.8 ± 1.6* | 21.9 ± 4.7 | ns |
Con, control; ns, not significant.
↵* P < 0.05, con versus Pal, Pal + UDCA-LPE or UDCA-LPE; †P < 0.05, Pal versus Pal + UDCA-LPE.