Journal of Molecular Biology
Evidence for Functional Interaction between the HIV-1 Tat Transactivator and the TATA Box Binding Proteinin Vivo
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Immunoinformatics approaches to design a novel multi-epitope subunit vaccine against HIV infection
2018, VaccineCitation Excerpt :Rev is an RNA binding protein that performs a nuclear export of intron-containing HIV-1 RNA [7]. Tat protein binds to trans-activation response RNA, downstream of the transcription start site, hence is crucial for activating transcription. [8]. Nef protein is crucial for viral survival by aiding in evasion of the immune system and anti-apoptosis of the HIV infected cells [9].
TopoisomeraseIIβ in HIV-1 transactivation
2016, Archives of Biochemistry and BiophysicsCitation Excerpt :HIV-1 transactivator, Tat, a 14 KDa viral protein is instrumental in recruiting the entire machinery to modulate the nucleosome for the transcriptional initiation and elongation thereby exerting its transactivating properties [12]. In this process, Tat engages various host proteins namely P-TEFb, TBP, Sp1, NF-kB, SW1/SNF, p300, PCAF, hGCN5, etc. to HIV-1 LTR [13–20]. Nevertheless, some of the host proteins which are involved in this transactivation process are yet to be identified.
Transcription through the HIV-1 nucleosomes: Effects of the PBAF complex in Tat activated transcription
2010, VirologyCitation Excerpt :The activity of the LTR depends on the viral activator Tat which is believed to function at the level of both initiation and elongation (Bohan et al., 1992; Feinberg et al., 1991; Kato et al., 1992; Laspia et al., 1989; Marciniak et al., 1990; Marciniak and Sharp, 1991). It is additionally involved in the stabilization of the TFIID/TFIIA complex on the HIV-1 TATA box (Kashanchi et al., 1992) and recruitment of a functional TATA-binding protein (TBP) (Chiang and Roeder, 1995; Dal Monte et al., 1997; Garcia-Martinez et al., 1997; Kashanchi et al., 1996; Roebuck et al., 1997; Veschambre et al., 1995). Furthermore, van Opijnen et al. (2004) have proposed that the HIV-1 promoter contains a CATA box instead of a TATA box in order to achieve optimal transcription and replication.
Identification of Potential Drug Targets Using Genomics and Proteomics: A Systems Approach
2008, Advances in PharmacologyTranscription of HIV: Tat and Cellular Chromatin
2007, Advances in PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :The role of Tat in the PIC has been deduced from early studies and substantiated by recent studies of in vivo models (Bannwarth and Gatignol, 2005; Brady and Kashanchi, 2005; Brigati et al., 2003; Bukrinsky, 2006; Pumfery et al., 2003). Early studies have shown that Tat binds to TBP (Kashanchi et al., 1994; Veschambre et al., 1995), TFIIB (Veschambre et al., 1997), and TAF55 (Chiang and Roeder, 1995), which are part of the PIC (Dahmus, 1996). A direct interaction with TFIIH has also been described (Cujec et al., 1997; Garcia‐Martinez et al., 1997b), but not found by others (Battisti et al., 2003; Chen and Zhou, 1999).
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Abbreviations used: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; CAT, chloramphenicol acetyl transferase; IPTG, isopropyl-β,d-thiogalactopyranoside; PMSF, phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride; SV40, simian virus 40; GST, glutathione s-transferase; LTR, long terminal repeat.