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P2 purinergic receptor activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and guanylyl cyclase in the dorsal facial area of the medulla increases blood flow in the common carotid arteries of cats
2015, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :ATP, a P2 purinergic receptor (P2 receptor) agonist, plays various important roles in the central nervous system. It acts as a neuromodulator within the medulla to affect cardiovascular functions (Thomas and Spyer, 1999; Thomas et al., 2001; Koles et al., 2007; Biancardi et al., 2014), depolarizes neurons in the locus coeruleus (Harms et al., 1992), mediates fast excitatory neurotransmission in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (Ralevic, 2000), and increases NO production in the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii (Granjeiro et al., 2009). Furthermore, ATP stimulates purinergic receptors to cause release of glutamate in cultured hippocampal cells (Inoue et al., 1992), brain (Khakh and Henderson, 1998), and the brain stem autonomic network (Shigetomi and Kato, 2004) as well as the DFA (Kuo et al., 2009).
Glutamate release upon purinergic action in the dorsal facial area of the medulla increases blood flow in the common carotid artery in cats
2009, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Therefore, these parameters may not interfere with drug-induced changes in the CCA blood flow. ATP (a non-selective P2 receptor agonist) and α,β-MeATP (a P2X1,3 receptor agonist) are mainly P2 receptor agonists (Harms et al., 1992; Shen and North, 1993). The intra-DFA microinjection of these drugs at a dose of 20 nmol elicited an increase (about 100%) in the CCA blood flow.
P2 receptors modulate respiratory rhythm but do not contribute to central CO<inf>2</inf> sensitivity in vitro
2004, Respiratory Physiology and NeurobiologyInvolvement of Locus Coeruleus Noradrenergic Neurons in Supraspinal Antinociception by α,β-Methylene-ATP in Rats
2004, Journal of Pharmacological SciencesCellular distribution and functions of P2 receptor subtypes in different systems
2004, International Review of CytologyCitation Excerpt :In the first study of the effects of ATP on neurons receiving direct synaptic input from primary afferents, neurons of the cuneate nucleus of the corticospinal tract were excited (Galindo et al., 1967; Stone and Perkins, 1981; Stone and Taylor, 1978). Later studies showed ATP actions on cerebral cortical neurons (Phillis et al., 1974, 1979), area postrema (Borison et al., 1975), hippocampus (Di Cori and Henry, 1984; Inoue et al., 1991, 1992; Lee et al., 1981; Wieraszko and Seyfried, 1989a), trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (Salt and Hill, 1983), the spinal dorsal horn (Fyffe and Perl, 1984; Salter and Henry, 1985), lateral and medial vestibular nuclei (Mori et al., 1985), mesenchephalic trigeminal neurons (Regenold et al., 1988), medium eminence (Barnea et al., 1991), and locus coeruleus (Harms et al., 1992; Shen and North, 1993; Tschopl et al., 1992). ATP depolarized terminals of primary afferent fibers within toad spinal cord (Phillis and Kirkpatrick, 1978).
Molecular physiology of P2 receptors in the central nervous system
2004, European Journal of Pharmacology