Trends in Genetics
Volume 11, Issue 3, March 1995, Pages 101-105
Journal home page for Trends in Genetics

Review
Regulators of cell death

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(00)89010-1Get rights and content

A novel oncogene-derived protein, Bcl-2, functions as a repressor of cell death in a genetic pathway of cellular suicide that appears to be common to all multicellular animals. A related protein that promotes cell death, Bax, wrestles with Bcl-2 through conserved motifs, BH1 and BH2, establishing a set point for these deaths. In Bcl-2-deficient mice, the ratio of these molecules is reset, resulting in massive cell death in several cell types.

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      BCL-2 is an important anti-apoptotic protein and the first oncogene identified to inhibit cell death (Vaux et al., 1988). It is activated by chromosome translocation in human follicular lymphoma (Korsmeyer 1995). BCL-2 and BCL-XL both stimulate cell survival, while others such as BAX, BCL-XS (a splice variation of BCL-XL), BAD, and BAK counteract Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL (Chittenden et al., 1995; Kiefer et al., 1995).

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