Cell
Volume 131, Issue 1, 5 October 2007, Pages 29-32
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H3K27 Demethylases, at Long Last

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Methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me) by the Polycomb complex (PRC2) proteins is associated with gene silencing in many developmental processes. A cluster of recent papers (Agger et al., 2007, De Santa et al., 2007, Lan et al., 2007, Lee et al., 2007) identify the JmjC-domain proteins UTX and JMJD3 as H3K27-specific demethylases that remove this methyl mark, enabling the activation of genes involved in animal body patterning and the inflammatory response.

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