Basic and patient-oriented researchPrevalence and Significance of Human Papillomavirus in Oral Tongue Cancer: The Mayo Clinic Experience
Section snippets
Patients
Fifty-one patients with histologically confirmed oral squamous-cell carcinomas of the tongue, who underwent primary surgical treatment at the Mayo Clinic from January 2004 to December 2006, were included in this study. Age, gender, race, TNM stage, histologic grade, treatment information, and follow-up outcome data were abstracted from the clinical records. The classification of TNM stage was performed according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC-Sixth Edition, 2002), and
Results
A sample of 51 patients, diagnosed with squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral tongue at the Mayo Clinic from January 2004 to December 2006, was included. Out of 51 samples, there were 50 HPV-negative samples, and only a single HPV-positive (HPV-16) tumor (Figure 1, Figure 2). This single HPV-positive patient was below 45 years of age.
All patients were managed by primary surgery with additional postoperative adjuvant therapy, based on several patient and tumor factors. Patients with high
Discussion
The mechanism of HPV carcinogenesis has been delineated in cervical cancer, where approximately 99% of cervical tumors are associated with HPV-16/18 as the primary etiology.11 The integration of HPV into a human chromosome leads to the loss of E2 and E1 genes in the 8-kb HPV genome, which are important regulators of E6 and E7 protein production.31, 32, 33 The E6 and E7 genes are oncoproteins produced by HPV, and are responsible for the ubiquination and proteosomic degradation of p53 and Rb,
Acknowledgment
We are grateful to Odey Ukpo for technical assistance.
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