IMR Press / FBL / Volume 6 / Issue 3 / DOI: 10.2741/melendy

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark (FBL) is published by IMR Press from Volume 26 Issue 5 (2021). Previous articles were published by another publisher on a subscription basis, and they are hosted by IMR Press on imrpress.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Frontiers in Bioscience.

Article
Chromatin remodeling and initiation of DNA replication
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1 Departments of Microbiology & Biochemistry, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA
2 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Health Sciences Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed) 2001, 6(3), 1048–1053; https://doi.org/10.2741/melendy
Published: 1 September 2001
Abstract

While much has been learned in recent years about the process of chromatin remodeling and its role in activation of transcription, relatively little has been reported on the role of chromatin remodeling in DNA replication. However, it is well established that transcription factors and chromatin structure play an important role in replication origin usage. Recent work has begun to indicate that chromatin remodeling factors are likely to play an important role in the regulation of replication origin usage. The results to date are most consistent with the role for chromatin remodeling factors in DNA replication as being indirect, and very similar to their role in transcription. The current evidence suggests that transcription factors bind to auxiliary sequences adjacent to replication origins and recruit chromatin remodeling factors to create either nucleosome-free regions or regions of specifically spaced nucleosomes. This results in activation of the nearby origin, presumably by making the origin region more accessible to replication factors.

Until recently, there has been very little evidence of direct interactions between chromatin remodeling factors and the DNA replication machinery. Recent studies have provided data indicating that direct interactions may exist between chromatin remodeling factors and two cellular replication factors, the Origin Recognition Complex and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen. However, since these replication factors are also involved in other nuclear processes, such as transcriptional silencing and DNA repair, respectively, further study is necessary to establish whether these direct interactions are also important for DNA replication.

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