Abstract
Significant advances have been made recently toward understanding the molecular events that regulate adipocyte differentiation. In vitro models of adipogenesis, such as the 3T3-L1 and F-442A preadipocyte cell lines have proven to be an invaluable resource in elucidating mechanisms of adipocyte differentiation. Subject to modulation by hormonal, dietary, and genetic influences, the differentiation program now appears to be distinctly controlled through the coordinate regulation of transcription factors that predominantly include members of the C/EBP and PPAR families. Increased understanding of these critical factors and how they are regulated will provide insights into adipose tissue development as well as treatment of obesity.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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3T3 Cells
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Adipocytes / cytology*
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Adipocytes / drug effects
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Adipocytes / metabolism*
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Adipocytes / physiology
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Animals
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
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Calcium-Binding Proteins
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Cell Differentiation / drug effects
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins / pharmacology
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DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology
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Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / drug effects
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Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / physiology
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Growth Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Humans
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Membrane Proteins / pharmacology
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Mice
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Nuclear Proteins / pharmacology
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Nuclear Proteins / physiology
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Obesity / metabolism
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / physiology
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Repressor Proteins / pharmacology
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Retinoblastoma Protein / metabolism
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Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
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Transcription Factor AP-2
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Transcription Factors / metabolism
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Transcription Factors / physiology
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Tretinoin / pharmacology
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology
Substances
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
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CUP protein, human
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Calcium-Binding Proteins
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DLK1 protein, human
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Dlk1 protein, mouse
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Growth Inhibitors
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Membrane Proteins
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Nuclear Proteins
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Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
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Repressor Proteins
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Retinoblastoma Protein
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SREBF1 protein, human
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Srebf1 protein, mouse
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Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
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Tfap2a protein, mouse
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Transcription Factor AP-2
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Transcription Factors
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Tretinoin