Multisite phosphorylation of a CDK inhibitor sets a threshold for the onset of DNA replication

Nature. 2001 Nov 29;414(6863):514-21. doi: 10.1038/35107009.

Abstract

SCF ubiquitin ligases target phosphorylated substrates for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis by means of adapter subunits called F-box proteins. The F-box protein Cdc4 captures phosphorylated forms of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Sic1 for ubiquitination in late G1 phase, an event necessary for the onset of DNA replication. The WD40 repeat domain of Cdc4 binds with high affinity to a consensus phosphopeptide motif (the Cdc4 phospho-degron, CPD), yet Sic1 itself has many sub-optimal CPD motifs that act in concert to mediate Cdc4 binding. The weak CPD sites in Sic1 establish a phosphorylation threshold that delays degradation in vivo, and thereby establishes a minimal G1 phase period needed to ensure proper DNA replication. Multisite phosphorylation may be a more general mechanism to set thresholds in regulated protein-protein interactions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Consensus Sequence
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins
  • DNA Replication / physiology*
  • DNA, Fungal / biosynthesis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • F-Box Proteins*
  • Fungal Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Fungal Proteins / metabolism
  • Fungal Proteins / physiology*
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins*
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Ubiquitin / metabolism
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases*

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins
  • DNA, Fungal
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • F-Box Proteins
  • Fungal Proteins
  • SIC1 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Ubiquitin
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases