Abstract
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is an evolutionarily conserved process that corrects mismatches generated during DNA replication and escape proofreading. MMR proteins also participate in many other DNA transactions, such that inactivation of MMR can have wide-ranging biological consequences, which can be either beneficial or detrimental. We begin this review by briefly considering the multiple functions of MMR proteins and the consequences of impaired function. We then focus on the biochemical mechanism of MMR replication errors. Emphasis is on structure-function studies of MMR proteins, on how mismatches are recognized, on the process by which the newly replicated strand is identified, and on excision of the replication error.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adenosine Triphosphatases / chemistry
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Adenosine Triphosphatases / genetics
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Adenosine Triphosphatases / metabolism
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Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
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Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
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Base Pair Mismatch*
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DNA Repair / genetics
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DNA Repair / physiology*
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DNA Repair Enzymes / chemistry
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DNA Repair Enzymes / genetics
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DNA Repair Enzymes / metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Escherichia coli / genetics
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Escherichia coli / metabolism
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Escherichia coli Proteins / chemistry
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Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
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Escherichia coli Proteins / metabolism
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Eukaryotic Cells
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Humans
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Models, Biological
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Models, Molecular
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Multiprotein Complexes
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MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
Substances
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Bacterial Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Escherichia coli Proteins
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Multiprotein Complexes
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Adenosine Triphosphatases
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MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
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MutS protein, E coli
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DNA Repair Enzymes