Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs)/Ca2+ release channels, on the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum of most cell types, are required for intracellular Ca2+ release involved in diverse cellular functions, including muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. The large cytoplasmic domain of the RyR serves as a scaffold for proteins that bind to and modulate the channel's function and that comprise a macromolecular signaling complex. These proteins include calstabins [FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs)], calmodulin (CaM), phosphodiesterase, kinases, phosphatases, and their cognate targeting proteins. This review focuses on recent progress in the understanding of RyR regulation and disease mechanisms that are associated with channel dysfunction.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Calcium / metabolism*
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Calmodulin / metabolism
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / metabolism
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Humans
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Ion Channel Gating
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Ion Channels / metabolism
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Models, Molecular
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Muscular Diseases / genetics
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Muscular Diseases / metabolism
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Protein Isoforms / chemistry
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Protein Isoforms / genetics
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Protein Isoforms / metabolism
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Protein Structure, Quaternary
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Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / chemistry
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Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / genetics
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Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / metabolism*
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Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / metabolism
Substances
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Calmodulin
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Ion Channels
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Protein Isoforms
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Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
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Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
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Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
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Calcium