It is widely accepted that the most important ATP receptors involved in pain transmission belong to the P2X(3) and P2X(2/3) subtypes, selectively expressed in small diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, several types of the metabotropic ATP (P2Y) receptors have also been found in primary afferent neurons; P2Y(1) and P2Y(2) receptors are typically expressed in small, nociceptive cells. Here we review the results available on the involvement of P2Y receptors in the modulation of pain transmission.