Abstract
The cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is phosphorylated in response to a wide variety of signals, yet target gene transcription is only increased in a subset of cases. Recent studies indicate that CREB functions in concert with a family of latent cytoplasmic co-activators called cAMP-regulated transcriptional co-activators (CRTCs), which are activated through dephosphorylation. A dual requirement for CREB phosphorylation and CRTC dephosphorylation is likely to explain how these activator-co-activator cognates discriminate between different stimuli. Following their activation, CREB and CRTCs mediate the effects of fasting and feeding signals on the expression of metabolic programmes in insulin-sensitive tissues.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adipose Tissue / metabolism
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Animals
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Cyclic AMP / metabolism
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / chemistry
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / genetics
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / metabolism*
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Glucagon / metabolism
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Gluconeogenesis
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Humans
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Hyperglycemia / metabolism
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Hypothalamus / metabolism
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Insulin / metabolism
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Islets of Langerhans / metabolism
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Liver / metabolism
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Longevity / physiology
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Models, Biological
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Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
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Phosphorylation
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Signal Transduction
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Trans-Activators / chemistry
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Trans-Activators / genetics
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Trans-Activators / metabolism*
Substances
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
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Insulin
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Trans-Activators
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Glucagon
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Cyclic AMP