Abstract
Cells maintain a reduced intracellular state in the face of a highly oxidizing extracellular environment. Redox signalling pathways provide a link between external stimuli, through the flavoenzyme-mediated NADPH-dependent reduction of intracellular peptide thiols, such as glutathione, thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, and redox factor-1, to the posttranslational redox modification of certain intracellular proteins. This can affect the proteins' correct folding, assembly into multimeric complexes, enzymatic activity, and their binding as transcription factors to specific DNA sequences. Such changes have been linked to altered cell growth and death.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Apoptosis / physiology*
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Carbon-Oxygen Lyases*
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Cell Division / physiology*
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Cells / enzymology*
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DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase*
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Glutaredoxins
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Glutathione Reductase / metabolism
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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Oxidation-Reduction
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Oxidoreductases / metabolism
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Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione)*
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Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / metabolism
Substances
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Glutaredoxins
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Nuclear Proteins
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Oxidoreductases
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Glutathione Reductase
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Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase
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Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione)
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Carbon-Oxygen Lyases
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DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase