Abstract
Entry of HIV-1 into target cells requires cell-surface CD4 and additional host cell cofactors. A cofactor required for infection with virus adapted for growth in transformed T-cell lines was recently identified and named fusin. However, fusin does not promote entry of macrophage-tropic viruses, which are believed to be the key pathogenic strains in vivo. The principal cofactor for entry mediated by the envelope glycoproteins of primary macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1 is CC-CKR-5, a receptor for the beta-chemokines RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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3T3 Cells
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Animals
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CD4 Antigens / metabolism*
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Cell Line
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Chemokines / metabolism
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Chemokines / physiology
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DNA
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Gene Products, env / metabolism
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HIV-1 / physiology*
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HeLa Cells
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Humans
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Macrophages / immunology
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Macrophages / virology*
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Membrane Fusion
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism
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Mice
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Receptors, CCR5
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Receptors, CXCR4
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Receptors, Cytokine / genetics
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Receptors, Cytokine / metabolism*
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Receptors, HIV / genetics
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Receptors, HIV / metabolism*
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Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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T-Lymphocytes / virology
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Virus Replication
Substances
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CD4 Antigens
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Chemokines
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Gene Products, env
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Membrane Proteins
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Receptors, CCR5
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Receptors, CXCR4
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Receptors, Cytokine
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Receptors, HIV
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Recombinant Proteins
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DNA