Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with
and react to each other in a stable environment in order to maintain healthy immune …

Despite the popularity of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet lysate (PL) in orthopaedic
practice, the mechanism of action and the effectiveness of these therapeutic tools are still …

Osteocytes, the most abundant cell population of the bone lineage, have been a major
focus in the bone research field in recent years. This population of cells that resides within …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in many adult tissues. MSCs can
regenerate through cell division or differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by both normal and tumour cells which are
involved in a new intercellular communication pathway by delivering cargo (eg, proteins, …

Background: Exosome-like nanovesicles are biological nanostructures mediating cell-tocell
communication and capable to load selected cargos also in the interaction among different …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in many adult tissues and they have
been closely studied in recent years, especially in view of their potential use for treating …

The epigenetic role of microRNAs is established at both physiological and pathological levels.
Dysregulated miRNAs and their targets appear to be a promising approach for innovative …

Until less than two decades ago, all known human coronaviruses (CoV) caused diseases so
mild that they did not stimulate further advanced CoV research. In 2002 and following years, …

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a pathological process where bone forms in connective
tissues such as skeletal muscle. Previous studies have suggested that muscle-resident non-…