Estrogens and androgens influence the growth and maintenance of the mammalian skeleton
and are responsible for its sexual dimorphism. Estrogen deficiency at menopause or loss of …

Sex steroids are chief regulators of gender differences in the skeleton, and male gender is
one of the strongest protective factors against osteoporotic fractures. This advantage in bone …

Androgens control male sexual development and maintenance of the adult male phenotype.
They have very divergent effects on their target organs like the reproductive organs, muscle, …

Background One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025,
the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to …

Androgens control spermatogenesis, but germ cells themselves do not express a functional
androgen receptor (AR). Androgen regulation is thought to be mediated by Sertoli and …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified
more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data …

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between reduced muscle mass (sarcopenia)
and areal bone mineral density (BMD a ) in middle-aged and elderly community-…

The androgen receptor is unusual among nuclear receptors in that most, if not all, of its activity
is mediated via the constitutive activation function in the N terminus. Here we demonstrate …

Steroid receptors bind as dimers to a degenerate set of response elements containing
inverted repeats of a hexameric half-site separated by 3 bp of spacer (IR3). Naturally occurring …

Background Fractures in men are a major health issue, and data on the antifracture efficacy
of therapies for osteoporosis in men are limited. We studied the effect of zoledronic acid on …