The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 is the fourth in this series of biennial
publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews of the key properties of nearly 1800 …

Neuromedin U (NmU) is a structurally highly conserved neuropeptide. It is ubiquitously
distributed, with highest levels found in the gastrointestinal tract and pituitary. Originally isolated …

Alteration in [Ca 2+ ] i (the intracellular concentration of Ca 2+ ) is a key regulator of many
cellular processes. To allow precise regulation of [Ca 2+ ] i and a diversity of signalling by this …

Regulators of G-protein signalling (RGS) proteins are a large and diverse family initially
identified as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) of heterotrimeric G-protein Gα-subunits. At least …

Insulin and the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) may directly affect the growth, development,
and maintenance of the vertebrate nervous system. Previous in vitro studies have focused …

In this study we have quantitatively assessed the basal turnover of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
(PtdIns(4,5)P 2 ) and M 3 -muscarinic receptor-mediated changes in …

A novel protein class, termed regulators of G protein signaling (RGS), negatively regulates
G protein pathways through a direct interaction with Gα subunits and stimulation of GTP …

cAMP and mTOR signalling pathways control a number of critical cellular processes including
metabolism, protein synthesis, proliferation and cell survival and therefore understanding …

The glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors play important, opposing roles
in regulating blood glucose levels. Consequently, these receptors have been identified as …

The crucial pathology underlying progressive chronic kidney disease in diabetes is
tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Central to this process is epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of …