DESPITE tremendous efforts in the search for safe, efficacious and non-addictive opioids for
pain treatment, morphine remains the most valuable painkiller in contemporary medicine. …

At least nine closely related isoforms of adenylyl cyclases (ACs), the enzymes responsible
for the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP, have been cloned and characterized in …

The present review focuses on the potential physiological regulations involving different
isoforms of adenylyl cyclase (AC), the enzymatic activity responsible for the synthesis of cAMP …

Chronic morphine administration induces an up-regulation of several components of the cyclic
adenosine 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) signal transduction cascade. The behavioral and …

Tolerance and dependence induced by chronic Δ‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) administration
were investigated in mice. The effects on body weight, analgesia and hypothermia were …

A novel mammalian adenylyl cyclase was identified by reverse transcription-polymerase
chain reaction amplification using degenerate primers based on a conserved region of …

Conclusion In understanding the cyclic AMP signalling pathway from receptor to effector at
the molecular level, adenylyl cyclase came last, probably reflecting the size and instability of …

Recent experimental evidence indicates that progesterone acts at the cell surface to trigger
protein synthesis and to reinitiate the first meiotic division in Xenopus laevis oocytes 1,2 . The …

The developmental changes in the expression of mRNA encoding three major brain adenylyl
cyclase (AC; EC 4.6.1.1) subtypes, type I (AC1), II (AC2), and V (AC5), were examined by …

Region‐specific up‐regulation of the cyclic AMP pathway is considered an important
molecular mechanism in the origin of the somatic manifestations of the withdrawal syndrome to …