This article outlines the present knowledge of the architecture, molecular composition, and
dynamics of focal contacts of adhesive animal cells. These structures, developed at the …

The ras genes give rise to a family of related GTP-binding proteins that exhibit potent transforming
potential. Mutational activation of Ras proteins promotes oncogenesis by disturbing a …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on problems, such as (1) the neuronal death or
severe atrophy occurring in many axotomized central nervous system (CNS) and (2) the failure …

Profilins are small proteins that form complexes with G‐actin and phosphoinositides and are
therefore considered to link the microfilament system to signal transduction pathways. In …

Rubrospinal neurons (RSNs) undergo a marked atrophy in the second week after cervical
axotomy. This delayed atrophy is accompanied by a decline in the expression of regeneration-…

The unprocessed precursor of the neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF), proNGF, has
been suggested to be a death-inducing ligand for the neurotrophin receptor p75. Whether …

Claudin-4 has been identified as an integral constituent of tight junctions and has been found
to be highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. The aim of the present study was to elucidate …

Neurotrophins are essential for development and maintenance of the vertebrate nervous
system. Paradoxically, although mature neurotrophins promote neuronal survival by binding to …

In everyday life, we have to decide whether it is worth exerting effort to obtain rewards. Effort
can be experienced in different domains, with some tasks requiring significant cognitive …

… Because the current-voltage relationship of the ramp current around the reversal potential
is almost linear in both 4.5 and 164.5 mM K + -containing external solution, we conclude that …