▪ Abstract Voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels mediate Ca 2+ entry into cells in response to membrane
depolarization. Electrophysiological studies reveal different Ca 2+ currents designated …

Voltage-sensitive ion channels mediate action potentials in electrically excitable cells and
play important roles in signal transduction in other cell types. In the past several years, their …

Voltage-gated sodium (Na V ) channels initiate electrical signalling in excitable cells and
are the molecular targets for drugs and disease mutations, but the structural basis for their …

… Sodium channels are also rapidly phosphorylated by protein kinase C (Costa and Catterall,
1984b), and actiadhesion molecules, immunoglobulin-like folds bind extracellular proteins …

Voltage‐gated sodium channels initiate action potentials in nerve, muscle and other
excitable cells. The sodium current that initiates the nerve action potential was discovered by …

Voltage-gated calcium (Ca 2+ ) channels are key transducers of membrane potential changes
into intracellular Ca 2+ transients that initiate many physiological events. There are ten …

The family of voltage-gated calcium channels serves as the key transducers of cell surface
membrane potential changes into local intracellular calcium transients that initiate many …

The family of voltage-gated sodium channels initiates action potentials in all types of excitable
cells. Nine members of the voltage-gated sodium channel family have been characterized …

A large number of biological toxins exert their toxic effects by modifying the properties of
voltage-sensitive sodium channels involved in action poн tential generation in nerve, heart, and …

Voltage-gated sodium channels (Na V ) are critical for initiation of action potentials. Heterozygous
loss-of-function mutations in Na V 1.1 channels cause severe myoclonic epilepsy in …