Aggressive and recurrent gynecological cancers are associated with worse prognosis and a
lack of effective therapeutic response. Ovarian cancer (OC) patients are often diagnosed in …

The ketone bodies (KBs) β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate are important alternative energy
sources for glucose during nutrient deprivation. KBs synthesized by hepatic ketogenesis …

The downregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) facilitates precancerous tumor
development, even though increasing the level of ROS can promote metastasis. The transforming …

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) plays a central role in the cellular adaptive response to
hypoxic conditions, which are closely related to pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer. …

trans-Resveratrol (t-RVT), a naturally occurring polyphenol found in Polygonum cuspidatum,
grape, and red wine, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and …

Cyclophilin A (CypA) has been reported to be overexpressed in cancer cells, especially in
solid tumors. To determine the role of CypA in tumorigenesis, we investigated the induction of …

Numerous physiological functions are controlled by redox‐responsive signaling pathways.
Disruption of redox balance by oxidative stress is recognized as a major cause of many …

Baicalein is one of the major flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and possesses
various effects, including cytoprotection and anti-inflammation. Because endoplasmic reticulum …

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that regulates many processes, including inflammatory
responses, through activation of its receptors. Adenosine receptors have been reported …

Prolonged accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) results in
ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Cyclophilins are protein chaperones that accelerate the rate of …