Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death that was discovered in recent years and is usually
accompanied by a large amount of iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation during the cell …

Since the popularisation of the Internet in the 1990s, the cyberspace has kept evolving. We
have created various computer-mediated virtual environments including social networks, …

The isolation of graphene in 2004 from graphite was a defining moment for the “birth” of a
field: two-dimensional (2D) materials. In recent years, there has been a rapidly increasing …

In this article, we describe an automatic differentiation module of PyTorch — a library designed
to enable rapid research on machine learning models. It builds upon a few projects, most …

Deep learning frameworks have often focused on either usability or speed, but not both.
PyTorch is a machine learning library that shows that these two goals are in fact compatible: it …

Recent advances in machine learning have leveraged evolutionary information in multiple
sequence alignments to predict protein structure. We demonstrate direct inference of full …

… c, Z-contrast image intensity profile along the dashed line in b, … e, Top: Z-contrast image of
the bilayer region with a 2H stacking … f, Z-contrast image of the step edge of the WS 2 /MoS 2 …

Evaluating large language model (LLM) based chat assistants is challenging due to their
broad capabilities and the inadequacy of existing benchmarks in measuring human …

Background Most patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have extensive-stage disease
at presentation, and prognosis remains poor. Recently, immunotherapy has demonstrated …

… In the scenario where the underlying goal is to obtain an interpretation z of a decision made
by a reference network \(N_{ref}\) (in this case, COVID-Net) for an input signal x (in this case, …