Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes are important in the metabolism of steroids, vitamins,
carcinogens, drugs and other compounds. Two of the commonly used assays in this field are …

Catalysis of sequential oxidation reactions is not unusual in cytochrome P450 (P450)
reactions, not only in steroid metabolism but also with many xenobiotics. One issue is how …

Cytochrome P450 19A1 (P450 19A1), the aromatase, catalyzes the conversion of androgens
to estrogens through a sequential three-step reaction, generating 19-hydroxy and 19-…

Human cytochromes P450 2S1 and 2W1 have received only limited attention with regard to
characterization of function. Both cytochromes P450 have been reported to be …

Human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) 1–4 are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases
that can serve as drivers of tumorigenesis. In particular, FGFR1 gene amplification has …

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) catalyzes the reversible NADP + -dependent conversion
of isocitrate (ICT) to α-ketoglutarate (αKG) in the cytosol and peroxisomes. Mutations in IDH1 …

The V561M FGFR1 gatekeeper mutation leads to devastating drug resistance through
activation of STAT3 and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition; this study demonstrates that …

Rabbit liver cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2 was found to catalyze the 5,6-epoxidation of α-naphthoflavone
(αNF), 1-hydroxylation of pyrene, and the subsequent 6-, 8-, and other …

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are the essential components of
highly active antiretroviral (HAART) therapy targeting HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). NRTI …

Nitrosoalkanes (R–N═O; R = alkyl) are biological intermediates that form from the oxidative
metabolism of various amine (RNH 2 ) drugs or from the reduction of nitroorganics (RNO 2 ). …