The nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors and the other neurotransmitter-gated ion
channels have key roles in fast synaptic transmission throughout the nervous system. These …

General anesthetics are essential to modern medicine, and yet a detailed understanding of
their mechanisms of action is lacking. General anesthetics were once believed to be ‘drugs …

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) 1 forms a Cl channel that
is an essential component of epithelial Cl transport systems in many organs, including the …

Folates are essential nutrients that are required for one-carbon biosynthetic and epigenetic
processes. While folates are absorbed in the acidic milieu of the upper small intestine, the …

In order to understand the structural bases of ion conduction, ion selectivity, and gating in the
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, mutagenesis and covalent modification were combined to …

Publisher Summary The functional properties of ion channels, such as gating, ion selectivity,
single-channel conductance, multi-ion occupancy, transient blocking, desensitization, and …

Each residue in and flanking the M2 membrane-spanning segment of the a subunit, from Clu-241
to Clu-262, was mutated to cysteine, and the mutant subunits were expressed together …

A major cause of the paucity of new starting points for drug discovery is the lack of interaction
between academia and industry. Much of the global resource in biology is present in …

Purpose MD-PhD training programs provide an integrated approach for training physician-scientists.
The goal of this study was to characterize the career path taken by MD-PhD …

The GABA A receptor is a target of many general anesthetics. The low affinity of general
anesthetics has complicated the search for the location of anesthetic binding sites. Attention has …