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Molecular Pharmacology

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Research ArticleArticle

δ-Opioid Receptor Gene: Effect of Sp1 Factor on Transcriptional Regulation in Vivo

Dmitri Smirnov, Hee-Jeong Im and Horace H. Loh
Molecular Pharmacology August 2001, 60 (2) 331-340; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.60.2.331
Dmitri Smirnov
Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Hee-Jeong Im
Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Horace H. Loh
Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Abstract

δ-Opioid receptor (DOR) promoter exhibited a cell-type–specific expression pattern. Protein-DNA interactions in this promoter were identified by dimethyl sulfate in vivo footprinting analysis of NG108-15 cells, expressing endogenous DOR. Complete protection of the putative Sp1 cis-element and partial protection of the sequence defined as X-NotI in the basal promoter were observed only in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. No protection was detected in Neuro2A cells that do not express DOR. In vivo formaldehyde cross-linking confirmed Sp1 factor binding to its cis-acting element during the G0/G1 phase. The functional significance of these Sp1 and X-NotI sites was evaluated by transient transfection analysis. Northern blot analysis and nuclear run-off assays revealed maximum DOR mRNA level and transcription rate, respectively, during the G0/G1 phase of NG108-15 cells. In summary, the protein-DNA interactions at the Sp1 and X-NotI sites are necessary for cell cycle-dependent and cell-type–specific up-regulated DOR gene expression.

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Molecular Pharmacology: 60 (2)
Molecular Pharmacology
Vol. 60, Issue 2
1 Aug 2001
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Research ArticleArticle

δ-Opioid Receptor Gene: Effect of Sp1 Factor on Transcriptional Regulation in Vivo

Dmitri Smirnov, Hee-Jeong Im and Horace H. Loh
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2001, 60 (2) 331-340; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.60.2.331

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Research ArticleArticle

δ-Opioid Receptor Gene: Effect of Sp1 Factor on Transcriptional Regulation in Vivo

Dmitri Smirnov, Hee-Jeong Im and Horace H. Loh
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2001, 60 (2) 331-340; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.60.2.331
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