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Research ArticleArticle

Sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 Polymorphic Variants *1, *2, and *3 Are Associated with Altered Enzymatic Activity, Cellular Phenotype, and Protein Degradation

Swati Nagar, Susan Walther and Rebecca L. Blanchard
Molecular Pharmacology June 2006, 69 (6) 2084-2092; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.019240
Swati Nagar
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Susan Walther
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Rebecca L. Blanchard
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Abstract

The superfamily of sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of several pharmacologically important endo- and xenobiotics. SULT1A1 catalyzes the sulfation of small planar phenols such as neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, acetaminophen, and p-nitrophenol (PNP). Genetic polymorphisms in the human SULT1A1 gene define three alleles, SULT1A1*1, *2, and *3. The enzyme activities of the SULT1A1 allozymes were studied with a variety of substrates, including PNP, 17β-estradiol, 2-methoxyestradiol, catecholestrogens, the antiestrogen 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHT), and dietary flavonoids. Using purified recombinant SULT1A1 protein, marked differences in *1, *2, and *3 activity toward every substrate studied were noted. Substrate inhibition was observed for most substrates. In general, the trend in Vmax estimates was *1 > *3 > *2; however, Vmax/Km estimate trends varied with substrate. In MCF-7 cells stably expressing either SULT1A1*1 or *2, the antiestrogenic response to OHT was found to be allele-specific: the cells expressing *2 exhibited a better antiproliferative response. The intracellular stability of the *1 and *2 allozymes was examined in insect as well as mammalian cells. The SULT1A1*2 protein had a shorter half-life than the *1 protein. In addition, the *2 protein was ubiquitinated to a greater extent than *1, suggesting increased degradation via a proteasome pathway. The results of this study suggest marked differences in activity of polymorphic SULT1A1 variants, including SULT1A1*3, toward a variety of substrates. These differences are potentially critical for understanding interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity, as well as cancer risk and incidence.

  • Received September 26, 2005.
  • Accepted March 2, 2006.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Molecular Pharmacology: 69 (6)
Molecular Pharmacology
Vol. 69, Issue 6
1 Jun 2006
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Research ArticleArticle

Sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 Polymorphic Variants *1, *2, and *3 Are Associated with Altered Enzymatic Activity, Cellular Phenotype, and Protein Degradation

Swati Nagar, Susan Walther and Rebecca L. Blanchard
Molecular Pharmacology June 1, 2006, 69 (6) 2084-2092; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.019240

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Research ArticleArticle

Sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1 Polymorphic Variants *1, *2, and *3 Are Associated with Altered Enzymatic Activity, Cellular Phenotype, and Protein Degradation

Swati Nagar, Susan Walther and Rebecca L. Blanchard
Molecular Pharmacology June 1, 2006, 69 (6) 2084-2092; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.019240
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