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Molecular Pharmacology

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Research ArticleArticle

Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Type 1 (TGFβRI) Kinase Activity but Not p38 Activation Is Required for TGFβRI-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation and Profibrotic Gene Expression

Ann M. Kapoun, Nicholas J. Gaspar, Ying Wang, Debby Damm, Yu-Wang Liu, Gilbert O'Young, Diana Quon, Andrew Lam, Kimberly Munson, Thomas-Toan Tran, Jing Ying Ma, Alison Murphy, Sundeep Dugar, Sarvajit Chakravarty, Andrew A. Protter, Fu-Qiang Wen, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard and Linda Slanec Higgins
Molecular Pharmacology August 2006, 70 (2) 518-531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.021600
Ann M. Kapoun
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Nicholas J. Gaspar
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Ying Wang
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Debby Damm
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Yu-Wang Liu
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Gilbert O'Young
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Diana Quon
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Andrew Lam
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Kimberly Munson
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Thomas-Toan Tran
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Jing Ying Ma
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Alison Murphy
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Sundeep Dugar
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Sarvajit Chakravarty
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Fu-Qiang Wen
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Xiangde Liu
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Stephen I. Rennard
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Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a major mediator of normal wound healing and of pathological conditions involving fibrosis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. TGFβ also stimulates the differentiation of myofibroblasts, a hallmark of fibrotic diseases. In this study, we examined the underlying processes of TGFβRI kinase activity in myofibroblast conversion of human lung fibroblasts using specific inhibitors of TGFβRI (SD-208) and p38 mitogen-activated kinase (SD-282). We demonstrated that SD-208, but not SD-282, inhibited TGFβ-induced SMAD signaling, myofibroblast transformation, and collagen gel contraction. Furthermore, we extended our findings to a rat bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model, demonstrating a significant decrease in the number of myofibroblasts at fibroblastic foci in animals treated with SD-208 but not those treated with SD-282. SD-208 also reduced collagen deposition in this in vivo model. Microarray analysis of human lung fibroblasts identified molecular fingerprints of these processes and showed that SD-208 had global effects on reversing TGFβ-induced genes involved in fibrosis, inflammation, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and apoptosis. These studies also revealed that although the p38 pathway may not be needed for appearance or disappearance of the myofibroblast, it can mediate a subset of inflammatory and fibrogenic events of the myofibroblast during the process of tissue repair and fibrosis. Our findings suggest that inhibitors such as SD-208 may be therapeutically useful in human interstitial lung diseases and pulmonary fibrosis.

  • Received December 9, 2005.
  • Accepted April 4, 2006.
  • The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Molecular Pharmacology: 70 (2)
Molecular Pharmacology
Vol. 70, Issue 2
1 Aug 2006
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Research ArticleArticle

Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Type 1 (TGFβRI) Kinase Activity but Not p38 Activation Is Required for TGFβRI-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation and Profibrotic Gene Expression

Ann M. Kapoun, Nicholas J. Gaspar, Ying Wang, Debby Damm, Yu-Wang Liu, Gilbert O'Young, Diana Quon, Andrew Lam, Kimberly Munson, Thomas-Toan Tran, Jing Ying Ma, Alison Murphy, Sundeep Dugar, Sarvajit Chakravarty, Andrew A. Protter, Fu-Qiang Wen, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard and Linda Slanec Higgins
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2006, 70 (2) 518-531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.021600

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Research ArticleArticle

Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Type 1 (TGFβRI) Kinase Activity but Not p38 Activation Is Required for TGFβRI-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation and Profibrotic Gene Expression

Ann M. Kapoun, Nicholas J. Gaspar, Ying Wang, Debby Damm, Yu-Wang Liu, Gilbert O'Young, Diana Quon, Andrew Lam, Kimberly Munson, Thomas-Toan Tran, Jing Ying Ma, Alison Murphy, Sundeep Dugar, Sarvajit Chakravarty, Andrew A. Protter, Fu-Qiang Wen, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard and Linda Slanec Higgins
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2006, 70 (2) 518-531; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.105.021600
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