Abstract
Human red blood cells infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum have markedly increased permeabilities to diverse organic and inorganic solutes. The plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC), recently identified with electrophysiological methods, contributes to the uptake of many small solutes. In this study, we explored the effects of known PSAC antagonists on transport of different solutes. We were surprised to find that the transport of two solutes, phenyltrimethylammonium and isoleucine, was only partially inhibited by concentrations of three inhibitors that abolish sorbitol or alanine uptake. Residual uptake via endogenous transporters could not account for this finding because uninfected red blood cells (RBCs) do not have adequate permeability for these solutes. In infected RBCs, the residual uptake of these solutes could be abolished by higher concentrations of specific and nonspecific PSAC antagonists. Adding sorbitol or alanine, permeant solutes that do not exhibit residual uptake, could also abolish it. The residual uptake did not exhibit anomalous mole fraction behavior and had a steep activation energy. These observations exclude uptake via unrelated pathways and instead point to differences in how PSAC recognizes and transports various solutes. We propose a possible model that also may help explain the unique selectivity properties of PSAC.
Footnotes
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This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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G.L., S.S. and T.S. contributed equally to this study.
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Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org.
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doi:10.1124/mol.106.030734.
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ABBREVIATIONS: RBC, red blood cell; PSAC, plasmodial surface anion channel; PhTMA+, phenyltrimethylammonium ion; PhTMA-Cl, phenyltrimethylammonium chloride; BSA, bovine serum albumin; NPF-1, 2-butyl-5-imino-6-{[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]methylene}-5,6-dihydro-7H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-7-one; R+, residual producing; R–, nonresidual producing.
- Received September 8, 2006.
- Accepted February 7, 2007.
- The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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