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Receptor-Mediated Activation of Heterotrimeric G-Proteins: Current Structural Insights

Christopher A. Johnston and David P. Siderovski
Molecular Pharmacology August 2007, 72 (2) 219-230; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.107.034348
Christopher A. Johnston
Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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David P. Siderovski
Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Abstract

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serve as catalytic activators of heterotrimeric G-proteins (Gαβγ) by exchanging GTP for the bound GDP on the Gα subunit. This guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of GPCRs is the initial step in the G-protein cycle and determines the onset of various intracellular signaling pathways that govern critical physiological responses to extracellular cues. Although the structural basis for many steps in the G-protein nucleotide cycle have been made clear over the past decade, the precise mechanism for receptor-mediated G-protein activation remains incompletely defined. Given that these receptors have historically represented a set of rich drug targets, a more complete understanding of their mechanism of action should provide further avenues for drug discovery. Several models have been proposed to explain the communication between activated GPCRs and Gαβγ leading to the structural changes required for guanine nucleotide exchange. This review is focused on the structural biology of G-protein signal transduction with an emphasis on the current hypotheses regarding Gαβγ activation. We highlight several recent results shedding new light on the structural changes in Gα that may underlie GDP release.

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Molecular Pharmacology: 72 (2)
Molecular Pharmacology
Vol. 72, Issue 2
1 Aug 2007
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OtherMINIREVIEW

Receptor-Mediated Activation of Heterotrimeric G-Proteins: Current Structural Insights

Christopher A. Johnston and David P. Siderovski
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2007, 72 (2) 219-230; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.107.034348

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OtherMINIREVIEW

Receptor-Mediated Activation of Heterotrimeric G-Proteins: Current Structural Insights

Christopher A. Johnston and David P. Siderovski
Molecular Pharmacology August 1, 2007, 72 (2) 219-230; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.107.034348
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • G-Protein Signaling and the Guanine Nucleotide Cycle
    • G-Protein and Receptor Structure
    • Mechanism of Receptor-Mediated G-Protein Activation
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