Paraxanthine, the Primary Metabolite of Caffeine, Provides Protection against Dopaminergic Cell Death via Stimulation of Ryanodine Receptor Channels

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche S679, Experimental Neurology and Therapeutics, Paris, France (S.G., D.T., E.H., P.P.M.); Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France (S.G., D.T., E.H., P.P.M.); and Centre de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Castres, France (M.M., P.S., P.P.M.)

Address correspondence to:
Dr. Patrick P. Michel, Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale/Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris-6, Bât. Pharmacie, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47, bd de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. E-mail: patrick-pierre.michel{at}upmc.fr

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