Abstract
The diphosphoinositol polyphosphates (“inositol pyrophosphates”) are a specialized subgroup of the inositol phosphate signaling family. This review proposes that many of the current data concerning the metabolic turnover and biological effects of the diphosphoinositol polyphosphates are linked by a common theme: these polyphosphates act as metabolic messengers. This review will also discuss the latest proposals concerning possible molecular mechanisms of action of this intriguing class of molecules.
Footnotes
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This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.
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ABBREVIATIONS: 5-PP-InsP5, 5-diphospho-d-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate; AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; DIPP, diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolases; HGNC, Human Genome Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; Ins(1,3,4,5)P4, d-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate; Ins(1,4,5)P3, d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate; InsP5, inositol pentakisphosphate; InsP6, inositol hexakisphosphate; IP6K, inositol hexakisphosphate kinase; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; PD184352, 2-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-cyclopropylmethoxy-3,4-difluorobenzamide; PD98059, 2′-amino-3′-methoxyflavone; PH, Pleckstrin homology; PLC, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C; PP-InsP4, diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate; (PP)2-InsP4, bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (“InsP8”); PP-InsP5, diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (“InsP7”); PPIP5K, PP-InsP5 kinase; PPP-InsP5, triphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate; TNP, N2-(m-trifluoromethyl)benzyl),N6-(P-nitrobenzyl)purine; U0126, 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(methylthio)butadiene.
- Accepted May 12, 2009.
- Received March 1, 2009.
- U.S. Government work not protected by U.S. copyright
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- Abstract
- Nomenclature
- Cellular Levels, Metabolic Turnover, and the Issue of Compartmentalization
- The Relationship between Cellular Bioenergetic Status and Cellular Levels of Diphosphoinositol Polyphosphates
- Protein Phosphorylation by Diphosphoinositol Polyphosphates?
- Do Cells Contain “Receptors” for Diphosphoinositol Polyphosphates?
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