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Molecular Pharmacology

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Review ArticleMinireviews

MicroRNAs: New Players in Cardiac Injury and Protection

Rakesh C. Kukreja, Chang Yin and Fadi N. Salloum
Molecular Pharmacology October 2011, 80 (4) 558-564; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.111.073528
Rakesh C. Kukreja
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Chang Yin
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Fadi N. Salloum
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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a novel class of endogenous, small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression via degradation or translational inhibition of their target mRNAs. Over 700 miRNAs have been identified and sequenced in humans, and the number of miRNA genes is estimated at more than 1000. Individual miRNA is functionally important as a transcription factor because it has the ability to regulate the expression of multiple genes through binding to its target with imperfect or perfect complement. In the heart, miRNAs have been involved in several clinical scenarios, such as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure suggesting that regulation of their function could be used as a novel cardioprotective strategy. In particular, miRNA-1, miRNA-21, miRNA-24, miRNA-29, miRNA-92a, miRNA-126, miRNA-133, miRNA-320, miRNA-199a, miRNA-208, and miRNA-195 have been shown to be regulated after I/R injury. Because tissue miRNAs can be released into circulating blood, they also offer exciting new opportunities for developing sensitive biomarkers, including miRNA-1, miRNA-126, miR-208, and miRNA-499, for acute myocardial infarction and other cardiac diseases.

Footnotes

  • This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Grants HL51045, HL59469, HL79424]; and an American Heart Association National Scientist Development Grant [Grant 10SDG3770011].

  • Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org.

    doi:10.1124/mol.111.073528.

  • ABBREVIATIONS:

    miRNA
    microRNA
    bp
    base pair(s)
    I/R
    ischemia/reperfusion
    MI
    myocardial infarction
    HSP
    heat shock protein
    PTEN
    phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten
    LV
    left ventricle/left ventricular
    Bim
    Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death
    CUGBP2
    CUG triplet repeat-binding protein 2
    COX-2
    cyclooxygenase-2
    NS-398
    N-[2-(cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl]-methanesulfonamide
    DuP-697
    5-bromo-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-thiophene
    PC
    preconditioning
    HIF
    hypoxia-inducible factor
    PHD
    prolyl hydroxylase
    iNOS
    inducible nitric-oxide synthase
    AMI
    acute myocardial ischemia
    CK
    creatine kinase.

  • Received May 10, 2011.
  • Accepted July 7, 2011.
  • Copyright © 2011 The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Molecular Pharmacology: 80 (4)
Molecular Pharmacology
Vol. 80, Issue 4
1 Oct 2011
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Review ArticleMinireviews

miRNAs and Cardioprotection

Rakesh C. Kukreja, Chang Yin and Fadi N. Salloum
Molecular Pharmacology October 1, 2011, 80 (4) 558-564; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.111.073528

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Review ArticleMinireviews

miRNAs and Cardioprotection

Rakesh C. Kukreja, Chang Yin and Fadi N. Salloum
Molecular Pharmacology October 1, 2011, 80 (4) 558-564; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.111.073528
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