Abstract
Adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity relies on multiple effectors acting through distinct binding sites. Crystal structures have revealed the location of these sites, and biochemical studies have explored the kinetics of ACs, but the interplay between conformation and activity remains incompletely understood. Here, we describe a novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor that functions both as a soluble cyclase and a reporter of complementation within the catalytic domain. We report a strong linear correlation between catalytic domain complementation and cyclase activity upon stimulation with forskolin and Gαs. Exploiting this, we dissect the mechanism of action of a series of forskolin analogs and a P-site inhibitor, 2′-d3′-AMP. Finally, we demonstrate that this sensor is functional in live cells, wherein it reports forskolin-stimulated activity of AC.
Footnotes
- Received September 3, 2015.
- Accepted January 20, 2016.
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute and National Institute of General Medical Sciences [Grants 1DP2 CA186752-01, 1-R01-GM-105646-01-A1]; and the American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant [Grant 13SDG14270009] (to S.S.).
↵This article has supplemental material available at molpharm.aspetjournals.org.
- Copyright © 2016 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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