PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Min, Chengchun
AU  - Cho, Dong-Im
AU  - Kwon, Kyoung-Ja
AU  - Kim, Kwon-Sup
AU  - Shin, Chan Young
AU  - Kim, Kyeong-Man
TI  - Novel Regulatory Mechanism of Canonical Wnt Signaling by Dopamine D<sub>2</sub> Receptor through Direct Interaction with β-Catenin
AID  - 10.1124/mol.111.071340
DP  - 2011 Jul 01
TA  - Molecular Pharmacology
PG  - 68--78
VI  - 80
IP  - 1
4099  - http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/80/1/68.short
4100  - http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/80/1/68.full
SO  - Mol Pharmacol2011 Jul 01; 80
AB  - Classical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and canonical Wnt pathways were believed to use distinct signaling pathways. However, recent studies have shown that these two pathways interact each other by sharing several intermediate signaling components. Recent in vivo studies showed that antipsychotic drugs, which block dopamine D2-like receptors, increase the cellular levels of downstream signaling components of canonical Wnt pathways, such as dishevelled (Dvl), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and β-catenin. These results suggest that some functional interactions might exist between Wnt pathway and D2-like receptors. In this study, we show that among five different dopamine receptor subtypes, D2 receptor (D2R) selectively inhibited the Wnt signaling, which was measured by lymphoid enhancing factor-1 (LEF-1)-dependent transcriptional activities. D2R-mediated inhibition of Wnt signaling was agonist- and G protein-independent and did not require receptor phosphorylation or endocytosis. D2R inhibited the LEF-1-dependent transcriptional activities, and this inhibitory activity was not affected by the inhibition of GSK-3β, suggesting that D2R inhibited the Wnt signaling by acting on the downstream of GSK3β. D2R directly interacted with β-catenin through the second and third loops, leading to a reduction of β-catenin distribution in the nucleus, resulting in an inhibition of LEF-1-dependent transcription. This is a novel mechanism for the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling by GPCRs, in which receptor proteins recruit β-catenin from cytosol to the plasma membrane, resulting in the decrement of the β-catenin/LEF-1-dependent transcription in the nucleus.